Since the 1990s, the rising popularity of Flash and Java technologies using the TCP/IP protocol have served as media for online adaptations of games. Advanced actionscript and Java code enables game developers to employ complex mathematical and spatial calculations to render vector objects on a timeline and create dynamic user interactivity. Multiplayer gaming technology has grown progressively enabling games like Runescape to offer virtual worlds to its players. Many online gaming platforms offer introductory levels to their members, inducing users to play these free online games while offering subscription based services to unlock more premium content. There has also been significant competition among MMORPGs.

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